Jenis-Jenis Teks Dalam Bahasa Inggris

Sama seperti bahasa Indonesia, dalam bahasa Inggris terdapat macam-macam jenis teks, yaitu Descriptive, Procedure, Narative, Recount dan Report. Tiap teks memiliki tujuan dan struktur teks yang berbeda

DESCRIPTIVE DAN PROCEDURE

• Descriptive

Pengertian

Teks descriptive adalah teks yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan sebuah objek nyata (orang, tempat ataupun hal lainnya).

Tujuan

Memberikan informasi kepada pembaca mengenai ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu secara detail agar pembaca merasa seolah-olah melihat sendiri objek yang digambarkan tersebut.

Struktur Teks

- Pengenalan/Identification : ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu yang akan dideskripsikan,

- Deskripsi/Description : menggambarkan ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tersebut dengan lebih detail dan khusus (seperti bentuk, ukuran, warna, dsb.)

• Procedure

Pengertian

Teks yang menjelaskan cara membuat atau melakukan sesuatu dengan runut, misalnya teks ‘Resep Kue Nastar’.

Tujuan

Memberi petunjuk kepada pembaca untuk melakukan sesuatu melalui serangkaian langkah.

Struktur Teks

- Tujuan/Goal/Aim

- Bahan/Alat/Materials/Tools

- Langkah/Steps/Methods.

RECOUNT DAN REPORT

• Recount

Pengertian

Teks yang menceritakan kembali kejadian yang telah terjadi, dengan menggunakan keterangan waktu yang jelas pada masa lampau

Tujuan

Untuk menceritakan kembali suatu kejadian, peristiwa atau kegiatan di masa lampau kepada pembaca, dengan tujuan memberitakan ataupun menghibur

Struktur Teks

- Pendahuluan/Orientation (memberi informasi mengenai tokoh pelaku atau benda yang terlibat di dalamnya)

- Rangkaian peristiwa yang terjadi (biasanya disampaikan secara urut)/Event

- Kesimpulan dari rangkaian peristiwa yang terjadi/Reorientation (tidak harus selalu ada pada teks Recount)

• Report

Pengertian

Teks Report hampir sama dengan Descriptive, namun di teks Report ini lebih memberikan gambaran umum tidak sedetail Descriptive.

Tujuan

Untuk memberikan informasi kepada pembaca mengenai suatu hal apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis.

Struktur Teks

- Klasifikasi umum/General classification (pengenalan fenomena atau benda yang akan dibicarakan dengan pernyataan umum)

- Deskripsi/Description (uraian atau gambaran bagian-bagian yang umum)

NARATIVE

• Narative

Pengertian

Teks yang menceritakan suatu kejadian mengikuti alur waktu.

Tujuan

Menghibur pembaca dengan kejadian nyata, seolah-olah pembaca mengalami sendiri kejadian tersebut.

Struktur Teks

- Pengenalan latar (tokoh, waktu dan tempat)/Orientation

- Pengembangan konflik/Complication

- Penyelesaian konflik/Reorientation

- Pelajaran yang dapat dipetik oleh pembaca/Reorientation

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Contoh Teks Recount & Report + Soal dan Pembahasannya

RECOUNT TEXT

LADY DIANA

  Diana was born in 1961 as the third daughter of Edward John Spencer and his wife Ruth Burke Roche. Diana grew up in a very privileged family that had a long history of close ties with the royal family. When Diana’s paternal grandfather passed away in 1975, Diana’s father became the 8th Earl of Spencer and Diana gained the title of “Lady”.
            In 1969, Diana’s parents divorced. Her mother’s affair helped court decide to give custody of the couple’s four children to Diana’s father. Both of her parents eventually remarried, but the divorce left an emotional scar on Diana.
            Diana attended school at West Heath in Kent and spent a short time a finishing school in Switzerland. Although she was not an excellent student academically, her determined personality, caring nature, and cheerful outlook helped her through it. After returning from Switzerland, Diana rented an apartment with two friends, worked with children at the Young England Kindergarten, and watched movies and visited restaurants in her free time.
            It was about this time that Prince Charles, in his early 30, was under increasing pressure to choose a wife. Diana’s vibrancy, cheerfulness, and good family background caught the attention of Prince Charles and the two began dating during in mid-1980. It was a whirlwind romance for on February 24, 1981, Buckingham Palace officially announce the couple’s engagement. At the time, Lady Diana and Prince Charles seemed truly in love and whole world was awed by what seemed like a fairytale romance.

26. How did Diana spend her free time when she was still a bachelorette?
            A. She watched movies                                  B. She finished her school
            C. She worked in restaurant                          D. She returned to Switzerland
            E. She visited her friends near the restaurant
Letak Jawaban: ... and watched movies and visited restaurants in her free time.

27. The custody of the couple’s four children was given to Diana’s father because…….
            A. her outlook was cheerful                            B. her mother had an affair
            C. she determined her personality                  D. she had her very privileged family
            E. her paternal grandfather was dead
Letak Jawaban: Her mother’s affair helped court decide to give custody of the couple’s four children to Diana’s father.

28. How was Diana’ academic achievement?
            A. Super                      B. Average                  C. First rate                 D. Admirable
            E. Exceptional
Letak Jawaban: Although she was not an excellent student academically, ....
Pilihan A, C, D, dan E mempunyai makna yg sama. 

REPORT TEXT

SEA HORSE

Many people imagine the seahorse to be real horse living in the sea. This is not true at all. The seahorse is so called because it is a tiny creature with a horse – liked head which lives in the sea.

Sea – horse are found mostly in warm seas. They have a long, flexible tail which is used for wrapping around weeds for support. They swim I upright position, their movements being helped by a rapidly oscillating fin on their back. The male sea – horse lays her eggs in this pouch.

The most remarkable thing about the seahorse is that part of the process of reproduction is taken over by the male creature. One the female seahorse has laid her eggs in the male creature’s pouch, she leaves. The hatching of the egg is done by the male fish.

Mating begins with the male and the female seahorses doing courtship dance. The male and female creatures swim around each other in circles. At the end of the dance, the male appears to bow to its partner; but in actually, the male is banding to pump water from his pouch. Next, the female fish lays eggs into the male’s pouch. About two hundred eggs are laid. The pouch, then close up. The female seahorse now swims away, leaving the male seahorse to do hatching.

The eggs are hatched about a month later. The young seahorses are ejected from the male creature’s pouch by means of muscular contractions.

The sea – horse feeds on tiny fish the creatures sucking them into its month.

1. What is the purpose of the text?

a. to inform readers the sea – horse’s process of reproduction

b. to persuade readers to breed the seahorse

c. to explain how to bread the seahorse

d. to describe a particular seahorse

e. to describe a particular sea horse

2. What do you think about the sea horse’s reproduction process ....?

a. Amazing             

b. Exciting                    

c. Peculiar

d. Strange                 

e. Unique

3. The male seahorse has a pouch in its abdomen to ….?

a. hatch the eggs              

b. feed the baby seahorse

c. eject the young seahorses

d. keep some food for its babies

e. pump water from its abdomen

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